Research Articles (Radiology)http://hdl.handle.net/2263/48962024-03-28T19:24:37Z2024-03-28T19:24:37ZAcute obstructive hydrocephalus in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndromeHiesgen, JulianeAnnor, T.N.http://hdl.handle.net/2263/898252024-01-29T10:00:48Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZAcute obstructive hydrocephalus in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Hiesgen, Juliane; Annor, T.N.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an uncommon, subacute neurological disorder that presents radiologically with
a pattern of bilateral parieto-occipital areas of vasogenic oedema. Conditions commonly associated with PRES include autoimmune
disorders, cytotoxic drugs, metabolic abnormalities and, most frequently, hypertensive emergencies. Clinically, headache, visual
disturbances, seizures and an altered level of consciousness are often reported. The outcome is favourable if the underlying cause is
addressed. Posterior fossa involvement resulting in obstructive hydrocephalus is a rare presentation and may be misdiagnosed as a mass
lesion or infection, leading to delayed or unnecessary treatment. We describe the clinical presentation, findings on neuroimaging and
conservative management of a man with PRES resulting in severe cerebellar oedema and acute obstructive hydrocephalus. This case
illustrates that awareness of atypical neuroimaging in PRES is important for the management of these patients and to avoid morbidity
and mortality.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZNeuro-Behcet – clinical and radiological findings in a patient of sub-Saharan African originPretorius, Johannes JacobusHiesgen, JulianeMyburgh, MichaelSuleman, Farhana Ebrahimhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/884042024-01-29T09:04:16Z2022-03-01T00:00:00ZNeuro-Behcet – clinical and radiological findings in a patient of sub-Saharan African origin
Pretorius, Johannes Jacobus; Hiesgen, Juliane; Myburgh, Michael; Suleman, Farhana Ebrahim
Behçet’s disease is a rare, systemic variable vessel vasculitis mostly seen in patients from
the Middle East, Northern Africa and Central Asia. Neuro-Behçet disease (NBD) is often diagnosed in patients with known Behçet’s disease who present with neurological symptoms
and radiological features of central nervous system involvement. There are very few cases
with neuro-Behcet reported from Sub-Saharan Africa in the literature. We report a case of
severe parenchymal neuro-Behçet with pseudo-tumoral brainstem lesions in a young male
patient of South African origin.
2022-03-01T00:00:00ZMedullary neuroschistosomiasis in a pediatric patient : a case reportKollapen, KumeshnieSuleman, Farhana EbrahimSmuts, IzelleSiwela, Lebohanghttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/884032024-01-29T08:27:14Z2022-03-01T00:00:00ZMedullary neuroschistosomiasis in a pediatric patient : a case report
Kollapen, Kumeshnie; Suleman, Farhana Ebrahim; Smuts, Izelle; Siwela, Lebohang
A pediatric patient with neurological deficit was examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI]. The images revealed abnormal signal intensity and enhancement of the spinal cord, indicating myelopathy. Identifying the cause of the myelopathy required a differential diagnosis. Images from MRI included a pre-contrast T1 weighted sagittal sequence, which revealed expansion of the distal lumbar spinal cord and conus medullaris from T10-L1. The T2 weighted sagittal sequence revealed patchy areas of hyperintense signal. We did not notice any chronic hemorrhagic products or cysts. Within the field of view, we saw multifocal areas of bladder wall thickening. Sagittal and axial T1 weighted post gadolinium images demonstrated mixed linear and nodular patchy enhancement of the conus medullaris predominantly anteriorly and along the anterior surface of the meninges. On the 18 day of hospitalization, a spinal biopsy revealed the presence of granuloma with non-viable bilharzia ova, and schistosomiasis of the spinal cord was diagnosed. Although uncommon, when it does occur, schistosomiasis has significant implications. Using MRI, the medical team noticed abnormal features that called for a biopsy, and were thus able to differentiate between medullary schistosomiasis and other infective/inflammatory conditions. A prompt diagnosis is vital for initiating early treatment, and avoiding complications and invasive surgery.
2022-03-01T00:00:00ZTraumatic aortic injury : computed tomography angiography imaging and findings revisited in patients surviving major thoracic aorta injuriesEdwards, RichardKhan, Nausheenhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/878372023-11-21T04:41:55Z2021-03-12T00:00:00ZTraumatic aortic injury : computed tomography angiography imaging and findings revisited in patients surviving major thoracic aorta injuries
Edwards, Richard; Khan, Nausheen
Blunt chest trauma related acute thoracic aortic injury (TAI) is a life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and appropriate management because of high mortality. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging of choice for evaluation of patients with major chest trauma findings suspicious of TAI on chest radiography. This case series describes the CTA findings in four high-velocity incident survivors with associated TAIs, discusses the injury type and treatment, and reviews the literature.
2021-03-12T00:00:00Z