2001 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, Volume 68, 2001http://hdl.handle.net/2263/182652024-03-28T10:48:13Z2024-03-28T10:48:13ZChanges in some factors of the innate immunity and serum zinc and iron concentrations in pigs following intravenous administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharideAndonova, M.Borissov, I.Sotirov, L.http://hdl.handle.net/2263/206962022-04-08T22:45:58Z2001-01-01T00:00:00ZChanges in some factors of the innate immunity and serum zinc and iron concentrations in pigs following intravenous administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide
Andonova, M.; Borissov, I.; Sotirov, L.
Boomker, Jacob Diederik Frederik
The changes in some factors of the innate immunity (phagocytosis, complement, lysozyme); haematological parameters - leukocytes, erythrocytes, differential white blood cell counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit and the serum concentrations of the microelements zinc and iron in six 2- to 3-months-old female piglets after the intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 were determined. It was found out that 1 h after the administration of lipopolysaccharide at the dosage rate of 10 µg/kg body weight resulted in a decrease in the phagocytic parameters, i.e. the phagocytic number and the index of phagocytic activity, which was followed by an increase in their values between post treatment hours 2 and 4. The leukocyte counts had decreased by hour 2 after the injection, but thereafter increased, and at post treatment hour 72, a leukocytosis was observed. The differential white blood cell counts were characterized by a shift to the left between hours 2 and 4 and a statistically significant increase in lymphocyte counts at hour 48 of the experiment. The serum zinc concentrations were increased an hour after the lipopolysaccharide application; after which their average values were lower. The haemolytic activities (CH₅₀) of the classical and the alternative pathways of complement activation decreased. The haemolytic activity (CH₅₀) for the classical pathway began to increase at hour 48 following the treatment. Significant changes were not observed in lysozyme activity, serum iron concentrations or the related haematological parameters (erythrocytes and haemoglobin).
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2001-01-01T00:00:00ZEffect of pavetamine on protein synthesis in rat tissueSchultz, R.A. (Rowena Anitra)Fourie, NielBasson, Karin M.Labuschagne, Leoniehttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/206882023-07-03T06:51:36Z2001-01-01T00:00:00ZEffect of pavetamine on protein synthesis in rat tissue
Schultz, R.A. (Rowena Anitra); Fourie, Niel; Basson, Karin M.; Labuschagne, Leonie
Boomker, Jacob Diederik Frederik
Pavetamine, the active principle of plants causing gousiekte in ruminants, was found in this study to be an inhibitor of protein synthesis in the rat heart. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intra-peritoneally with 8-10 mg/kg pavetamine and the levels of protein synthesis in the different organs determined utilizing L-[4-³H]phenylalanine incorporation. In contrast to the more than 23% inhibition found in heart tissue at 4, 24 and 48 h after administration of pavetamine, the effect on the kidney, liver, spleen, intestine and skeletal muscle was minimal or returned to pretreatment levels within 48 h. These results may offer an explanation for the clinical signs observed in ruminants with gousiekte, where the heart only is affected.
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2001-01-01T00:00:00ZA monovalent attenuated serotype 2 bluetongue virus vaccine confers homologous protection in sheepHunter, P.Modumo, J.http://hdl.handle.net/2263/206872022-04-08T22:46:26Z2001-01-01T00:00:00ZA monovalent attenuated serotype 2 bluetongue virus vaccine confers homologous protection in sheep
Hunter, P.; Modumo, J.
Boomker, Jacob Diederik Frederik
An outbreak of bluetongue caused by bluetongue virus serotype 2 virus in certain Mediterranean countries during 1999/2000, presented an opportunity to produce a monovalent type 2 vaccine. Since no data have been published previously on the protection conferred by the current live attenuated bluetongue vaccine strains used in the polyvalent vaccine, a challenge experiment was performed to determine the degree of homologous protection induced by the type 2 vaccine strain. The standard vaccine dose of 5X10⁴ pfu of vaccine conferred 99.7% protection against clinical disease and no viraemia was detected in the vaccinates.
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2001-01-01T00:00:00ZRapid detection and differentiation of Newcastle disease virus isolates by a triple one-step RT-PCRWang, Zheng-WeiVreede, F.T.Mitchell, J.O.Viljoen, G.J.http://hdl.handle.net/2263/206862022-04-08T22:46:35Z2001-01-01T00:00:00ZRapid detection and differentiation of Newcastle disease virus isolates by a triple one-step RT-PCR
Wang, Zheng-Wei; Vreede, F.T.; Mitchell, J.O.; Viljoen, G.J.
Boomker, Jacob Diederik Frederik
A triple one-step RT-PCR was developed to screen and differentiate virulent from avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates. Three sets of oligonucleotides were designed, each specific for amplifying NDV fusion protein gene-specific RNA from virulent, avirulent or all isolates respectively. The sensitivity of one-step RT-PCR was determined using viral RNA extracted from serially diluted NDV-infected allantoic fluid and found to be 10ˉ⁵ HA units. Application of one-step RT-PCR to various NDV samples, including wild-type virulent isolates and avirulent vaccine strains, demonstrated the potential for rapid identification (3-4 h) of NDV isolates as well as the differentiation of virulent from avirulent strains.
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2001-01-01T00:00:00Z