Slide Collection (Companion Animal Clinical Studies - Critical Care)http://hdl.handle.net/2263/110802024-03-28T14:52:56Z2024-03-28T14:52:56ZDiscoid lupus erythematosoushttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/152192016-04-08T10:58:12Z2010-11-05T09:22:28ZDiscoid lupus erythematosous
PHOTOS 1-2: DLE (discoid lupus erythematosous) is a common skin condition in dogs. It causes nasal depigmentation, erythema, scaling, erosions, ulcerations and crusting. The lesions may involve the lips, bridge of the nose, periocular skin, ear pinnae, distal limbs and genitalia. Diagnosis is via dermatohistopathology and immunofluorescence of skin biopsy specimens. Treatment includes the use of symptomatic shampoos to remove crusts, avoiding exposure to sunlight or sunscreens, topical glucocorticoids, tetracycline and systemic therapy with vitamin E supplementation.; REFERENCES: PHOTOS 1-2: Medleau, L & Hnilica, KA 2006, ‘Small animal dermatology : a color atlas and therapeutic guide’, 2nd ed., Saunders Elsevier, St. Louis, pp. 204-205.
Metadata assigned by Dr. M. van Schoor, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Companion Animal Clinical Studies
2010-11-05T09:22:28ZPopliteal lymph node biopsyhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/152182016-04-08T10:58:50Z2010-11-05T09:21:44ZPopliteal lymph node biopsy
PHOTO 1: The popliteal lymph node is a palpable lymph node that is situated in the popliteal area of the hind limb. Prior to a lymph node biopsy the skin overlying the lymph node must be prepared by shaving the hair and sterilizing the surgical site. PHOTO 2: Surgical instruments that are required for a biopsy include forceps, dissecting scissors, a surgical blade and biopsy needles. PHOTOS 3-8: The popliteal lymph node is a palpable lymph node that is situated in the popliteal area of the hind limb. Before a biopsy the lymph node must be palpated to evaluate the consistency of the lymph nodes. A small incision in the skin covering the lymph node facilitates the passage of the biopsy needle. The biopsy needle is then advanced though the lymph node. The needle is then withdrawn from the body with the biopsy sample. The biopsy sample can then be transferred to a biopsy cassette.; REFERENCES: PHOTOS 1-8: Slatter, D (ed) 2002, ‘Textbook of small animal surgery’, 3rd ed., Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 2317-2318.
Metadata assigned by Dr. M. van Schoor, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Companion Animal Clinical Studies
2010-11-05T09:21:44ZPapuleshttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/152172016-04-08T10:58:59Z2010-11-05T08:21:59ZPapules
PHOTOS 1-2: Skin papules are primary lesions. Papules are small, solid elevations in the skin that can be palpated as a solid mass and grow up to 1cm in diameter. Papules may be pink or red swellings caused by tissue infiltration of inflammatory cells. Hair follicles may or may not be involved. Erythematous papules are seen in scabies and flea bite hypersensitivity. Superficial bacterial folliculitis may also produce papules in the dog.; REFERENCES: PHOTOS 1-2: Scott, DW, Miller, WH, Griffin, CE 2001, 'Muller & Kirk’s small animal dermatology', 6th ed., WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 86-87.
Metadata assigned by Dr. M. van Schoor, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Companion Animal Clinical Studies
2010-11-05T08:21:59ZPorcupine attackhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/152162016-04-08T10:58:45Z2010-11-05T08:21:09ZPorcupine attack
PHOTOS 1-5: Porcupines attack when threatened by facing away from the aggressor with erect quills. The quills detach on contact. Problems caused by porcupine attacks include pain, local tissue irritation and trauma, infection of tissues deep to the skin, quill migration into joints or vital organs and complications associated with penetration of thorax or abdomen. Dogs that have been attacked by porcupines usually have multiple quills embedded in the mouth and other areas of the head. The quills may also enter the eye and orbit. Porcupine quills may harbour bacteria that could evoke a septic or sterile foreign body reaction. The point of the quill is sharp and there are multiple barbs arranged around the point, promoting migration of the quill. The retrograde barbs on porcupine quills allow them to migrate up to 10 inches under the skin. Quills have been known to migrate to the eye and orbit, brain and vertebral column of dogs. Quill migration is associated with cutaneous draining tracts and sudden death. Infections with Staphylococcus spp. often occurs as these bacteria are present on the porcupine quills. These infections may lead to septic arthritis. The veterinarian may be unable to remove quills due to widespread distribution, depth of penetration, complete or partial removal prior to presentation, breakage, thick hair coat or obesity. To avoid injury and migration due to missed quills it is essential to do a complete physical examination with thorough oral examination. Dogs that have been attacked by porcupines need to be treated as soon as possible because the longer the quills remain in a dog, the more time they have to migrate deeper into tissues. Quills also become less rigid and more friable the longer they remain in tissue and this makes them more likely to break during removal.; REFERENCES: PHOTOS 1-5: 1. Johnson, MD, Magnusson, KD, Shmon, CL & Waldner, C 2006, ‘Porcupine quill injuries in dogs : a retrospective of 296 cases (1998–2002)’, Canadian Veterinary Journal, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 677–682. 2. Grahn, BH, Szentimrey, D, Pharr, JW, Farrow, CS & Fowler, D 1995, ‘Ocular and orbital porcupine quills in the dog : a review and case series’, Canadian Veterinary Journal, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 488-493. 3. Brisson, BA, Bersenas, A & Etue, SM 2004, ‘Ultrasonographic diagnosis of septic arthritis secondary to porcupine quill migration in a dog’, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, vol. 224, no. 9, pp. 1467-1470.
Metadata assigned by Dr. M. van Schoor, Senior Lecturer, Dept. of Companion Animal Clinical Studies
2010-11-05T08:21:09Z